Learn how blockchain was implemented already. We've researched and collected all cases of blockchain implementation in business processes of large companies.
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Blockchain in
Use Cases
Business -
We always add new cases to our website. We are happy to discuss how these cases can be implemented in your business processes.
Automobile sector
Renault — the life cycle of a car
Renault has implemented a solution from Vechain, which allows to record the entire life cycle history of a car in a blockchain. The car owner inputs mileage, technical condition, insurance contracts and history of repairs into the system. When selling a car or contacting a new insurance company, it is possible to instantly share data on the vehicle's history by giving other users access to it. Thus, a transparent environment is formed for insurance companies and the secondary car market.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of records, and smart contracts allow to create automatic insurance company alerts about the condition of cars.
Source
Renault has implemented a solution from Vechain, which allows to record the entire life cycle history of a car in a blockchain. The car owner inputs mileage, technical condition, insurance contracts and history of repairs into the system. When selling a car or contacting a new insurance company, it is possible to instantly share data on the vehicle's history by giving other users access to it. Thus, a transparent environment is formed for insurance companies and the secondary car market.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of records, and smart contracts allow to create automatic insurance company alerts about the condition of cars.
Source
Public sector
Blockchain elections in West Virginia
In West Virginia, the blockchain technology has already been used several times to conduct mobile voting in federal elections. The application allows servicemen and their families abroad to take part in the voting. In September 2018, voters could use the platform in 24 countries by submitting an application for remote voting in advance and passing double authentication.
The blockchain guarantees voters the immutability of their votes and also ensures their safety and transparency.
Source
In West Virginia, the blockchain technology has already been used several times to conduct mobile voting in federal elections. The application allows servicemen and their families abroad to take part in the voting. In September 2018, voters could use the platform in 24 countries by submitting an application for remote voting in advance and passing double authentication.
The blockchain guarantees voters the immutability of their votes and also ensures their safety and transparency.
Source
Blockchain payments in the UAE government
The Dubai Department of Finance has launched a unified system for the coordination of payments and transfers with the purpose to ensure the transparency of government actions. The new system is already in use by the Dubai Electricity & Water Authority (DEWA) and the Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA), with a total of more than five million test transactions.
Blockchain is at the core of the transfer system, and it allows to operate in real time. Automation of certain processes with the help of smart contracts makes employees' work less time-consuming and reduces the number of errors.
Source
The Dubai Department of Finance has launched a unified system for the coordination of payments and transfers with the purpose to ensure the transparency of government actions. The new system is already in use by the Dubai Electricity & Water Authority (DEWA) and the Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA), with a total of more than five million test transactions.
Blockchain is at the core of the transfer system, and it allows to operate in real time. Automation of certain processes with the help of smart contracts makes employees' work less time-consuming and reduces the number of errors.
Source
Extractive sector
Unified source of information on mined rock samples
BHP-Billiton uses blockchain to track the movement of mined rock samples. The system provides fast access to data obtained in real time from counterparties on different continents. Creating a unified decentralized data source allows the counterparties to interact more effectively without manual coordination.
Blockchain is a unified decentralized data source, to which a large number of participants can contribute. The technology guarantees the immutability of the contained information, as well as the synchronization of data from around the world.
Source
BHP-Billiton uses blockchain to track the movement of mined rock samples. The system provides fast access to data obtained in real time from counterparties on different continents. Creating a unified decentralized data source allows the counterparties to interact more effectively without manual coordination.
Blockchain is a unified decentralized data source, to which a large number of participants can contribute. The technology guarantees the immutability of the contained information, as well as the synchronization of data from around the world.
Source
Tracking the gem supply chains through blockchain
Everledger offers a solution aimed to increase the transparency of the supply chain of minerals, colored gemstones, and diamonds. A single decentralized database of mined stones allows to simplify supply accounting and planning. Moreover, it partially solves the problem of product authentication for the customers.
Blockchain is a constant source of information about mined stones which allows real-time exchange of the status of goods.
Source
Everledger offers a solution aimed to increase the transparency of the supply chain of minerals, colored gemstones, and diamonds. A single decentralized database of mined stones allows to simplify supply accounting and planning. Moreover, it partially solves the problem of product authentication for the customers.
Blockchain is a constant source of information about mined stones which allows real-time exchange of the status of goods.
Source
Healthcare
Blockchain platform for safe work with medical data
MedicalChain is an electronic medical record of a patient. All personal information is stored in encrypted form on servers of hospitals, universities and independent organizations. Data access keys are stored in the blockchain along with the information about who the user shared access with. The patient can also give another user permission to share access to their data. All permissions are set for a certain period, which allows to limit the access of any user, if necessary.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of permissions to view data.
Source
MedicalChain is an electronic medical record of a patient. All personal information is stored in encrypted form on servers of hospitals, universities and independent organizations. Data access keys are stored in the blockchain along with the information about who the user shared access with. The patient can also give another user permission to share access to their data. All permissions are set for a certain period, which allows to limit the access of any user, if necessary.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of permissions to view data.
Source
Blockchain telemedicine
My Clinic is a platform for instant communication with your doctor. The blockchain at its core simplifies the exchange of patient data and allows patients to contact a new doctor without having to see them personally for the initial examination or having to transfer medical records. Getting medical assistance during traveling, taking tests or going through large-scale diagnostics becomes significantly easier.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of information as well as the possibility to quickly transfer it.
Source
My Clinic is a platform for instant communication with your doctor. The blockchain at its core simplifies the exchange of patient data and allows patients to contact a new doctor without having to see them personally for the initial examination or having to transfer medical records. Getting medical assistance during traveling, taking tests or going through large-scale diagnostics becomes significantly easier.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of information as well as the possibility to quickly transfer it.
Source
Patient data synchronization on the blockchain
IBM has developed a concept of synchronizing all kinds of customer data from mobile, wearable, and other network-connected devices, and then completing them with data from medical records, genomic research, etc. Combining various kinds of data will improve the quality of medical services. The possibility of consensual depersonalization of patient data opens the door to the creation of a unified base for research in various fields.
Blockchain will allow various users to enter data from different sources while ensuring its security and synchronization.
Source
IBM has developed a concept of synchronizing all kinds of customer data from mobile, wearable, and other network-connected devices, and then completing them with data from medical records, genomic research, etc. Combining various kinds of data will improve the quality of medical services. The possibility of consensual depersonalization of patient data opens the door to the creation of a unified base for research in various fields.
Blockchain will allow various users to enter data from different sources while ensuring its security and synchronization.
Source
Blockchain in the drug supply chain
MediLedger is working on introducing blockchain into their drug supply chain. Each product has a unique number, QR code or another label, which is recorded in the blockchain by the manufacturer. Supply chain participants verify the authenticity of drugs by scanning the label. Not only does the solution allow to spot fake medical supplies, but it also exposes vulnerabilities in the supply chain. Such giants as Genentech and Pfizer have already piloted the product.
Blockchain is the only immutable source of information that guarantees the authenticity of records made by the manufacturer.
Source
MediLedger is working on introducing blockchain into their drug supply chain. Each product has a unique number, QR code or another label, which is recorded in the blockchain by the manufacturer. Supply chain participants verify the authenticity of drugs by scanning the label. Not only does the solution allow to spot fake medical supplies, but it also exposes vulnerabilities in the supply chain. Such giants as Genentech and Pfizer have already piloted the product.
Blockchain is the only immutable source of information that guarantees the authenticity of records made by the manufacturer.
Source
Art & culture
Blockchain event tickets
All tickets for the match between Real and Atletico de Madrid in Tallinn were issued and sold through iOS and Android apps synchronized with the blockchain network. Buyers were able to see the price of a ticket and confirm its authenticity. The ticket check at the entrance was carried out with special Bluetooth devices, which also requested data from the blockchain.
Blockchain provided the possibility to verify the authenticity of the tickets and their original price.
Source
All tickets for the match between Real and Atletico de Madrid in Tallinn were issued and sold through iOS and Android apps synchronized with the blockchain network. Buyers were able to see the price of a ticket and confirm its authenticity. The ticket check at the entrance was carried out with special Bluetooth devices, which also requested data from the blockchain.
Blockchain provided the possibility to verify the authenticity of the tickets and their original price.
Source
Unified Electronic Ticket System
Uzbekistan will introduce the Unified Electronic Ticket System in Culture and Art Facilities that uses the blockchain technology. This will reduce fraud in the form of fake or duplicate tickets and eliminate the resale of tickets at inflated prices. Additionally, the system can be used to combine tickets for various events (while maintaining the terms of sale in smart contracts) and to encourage citizens and tourists to attend cultural events at discounted prices.
The code and the price of the issued tickets will be stored in the blockchain, making it impossible to fake or duplicate them.
Source
Uzbekistan will introduce the Unified Electronic Ticket System in Culture and Art Facilities that uses the blockchain technology. This will reduce fraud in the form of fake or duplicate tickets and eliminate the resale of tickets at inflated prices. Additionally, the system can be used to combine tickets for various events (while maintaining the terms of sale in smart contracts) and to encourage citizens and tourists to attend cultural events at discounted prices.
The code and the price of the issued tickets will be stored in the blockchain, making it impossible to fake or duplicate them.
Source
Recording auction information in the blockchain
The auction house Christie's (conducts 350 trades annually; in the first half of 2018, the volume of art objects sold amounted to $4 billion) has announced its intention to record the painting sale transactions in a blockchain. The blockchain system will be first used during the November auction "An American Place | The Barney A. Ebsworth Collection Evening Sale", estimated by experts at $300 million. The information about each lot (name, description, author, sale confirmation, date, and cost of the transaction) will be recorded in a blockchain. A digital certificate will be generated based on the data hash, and new owners of the paintings will be given access to it in order to confirm the authenticity of their property in the future.
Blockchain will guarantee ownership of art objects and provide the possibility of their authentication in the future.
Source
The auction house Christie's (conducts 350 trades annually; in the first half of 2018, the volume of art objects sold amounted to $4 billion) has announced its intention to record the painting sale transactions in a blockchain. The blockchain system will be first used during the November auction "An American Place | The Barney A. Ebsworth Collection Evening Sale", estimated by experts at $300 million. The information about each lot (name, description, author, sale confirmation, date, and cost of the transaction) will be recorded in a blockchain. A digital certificate will be generated based on the data hash, and new owners of the paintings will be given access to it in order to confirm the authenticity of their property in the future.
Blockchain will guarantee ownership of art objects and provide the possibility of their authentication in the future.
Source
Real estate
Unified real property register
In Russia, work is underway to create a public register of new housing. The register eliminates the possibility of data falsification, which will increase trust between all participants of the housing market: public bodies, banks, the ДОМ.РФ resource, etc. The technology will ensure transparency and reliability of the "one-stop-shop" system, as well as automate housing sector processes with the help of smart contracts.
Blockchain is a convenient technology for real estate tokenization, which will greatly simplify the transfer of real estate ownership and make the whole process more secure.
Source
In Russia, work is underway to create a public register of new housing. The register eliminates the possibility of data falsification, which will increase trust between all participants of the housing market: public bodies, banks, the ДОМ.РФ resource, etc. The technology will ensure transparency and reliability of the "one-stop-shop" system, as well as automate housing sector processes with the help of smart contracts.
Blockchain is a convenient technology for real estate tokenization, which will greatly simplify the transfer of real estate ownership and make the whole process more secure.
Source
Property life cycle
Ubitquity offers realtor, mortgage and testing companies the services of their own SaaS blockchain platform for keeping records of property and corresponding property rights. The platform is an alternative to paper transaction management systems. It speeds up legal audit of real estate, increases trust towards completed transactions and simplifies their confirmation. All reliable information about the land (address, owner, identifier and zoning classification) is stored in one place and does not require additional checks.
Blockchain ensures data integrity and does not allow changing property information to increase its market value.
Source
Ubitquity offers realtor, mortgage and testing companies the services of their own SaaS blockchain platform for keeping records of property and corresponding property rights. The platform is an alternative to paper transaction management systems. It speeds up legal audit of real estate, increases trust towards completed transactions and simplifies their confirmation. All reliable information about the land (address, owner, identifier and zoning classification) is stored in one place and does not require additional checks.
Blockchain ensures data integrity and does not allow changing property information to increase its market value.
Source
Real estate tokenization
Propellr, Fluidity and renowned realtor Ryan Serhant (acting as a broker) have converted property rights into tokens corresponding to ownership of shares in a Manhattan building with 12 apartments of 1700 square meters each. The building is estimated at $30 million, and Ethereum-based tokens are already issued and available for sale.
Blockchain-powered tokenization allows anyone to micro-invest in East Village real estate, which was previously impossible.
Source
Propellr, Fluidity and renowned realtor Ryan Serhant (acting as a broker) have converted property rights into tokens corresponding to ownership of shares in a Manhattan building with 12 apartments of 1700 square meters each. The building is estimated at $30 million, and Ethereum-based tokens are already issued and available for sale.
Blockchain-powered tokenization allows anyone to micro-invest in East Village real estate, which was previously impossible.
Source
Electronic mortgages
Raiffeisenbank has issued an electronic mortgage, the record of which is now stored in a blockchain register. An electronic mortgage is an .xml file that contains information about the mortgagor and the borrower, the name, date and place of the loan agreement, the loan amount, the due date, the name and description of the mortgaged property. Now, when making a mortgage, the buyer doesn't need to transfer the mortgage document to the bank for storage, as it is accepted for depository accounting and storage remotely by uploading the file into the blockchain.
Blockchain improves data storage security, reduces operating costs of depositories, and also reduces transaction time for both the bank and its customers.
Source
Raiffeisenbank has issued an electronic mortgage, the record of which is now stored in a blockchain register. An electronic mortgage is an .xml file that contains information about the mortgagor and the borrower, the name, date and place of the loan agreement, the loan amount, the due date, the name and description of the mortgaged property. Now, when making a mortgage, the buyer doesn't need to transfer the mortgage document to the bank for storage, as it is accepted for depository accounting and storage remotely by uploading the file into the blockchain.
Blockchain improves data storage security, reduces operating costs of depositories, and also reduces transaction time for both the bank and its customers.
Source
Manufacturing
Unified source of equipment information
IBM offers to use blockchain to track information about equipment in various industries. Sensors register all actions with an asset, including those that occur outside the given company (equipment rental). This greatly reduces the time spent on cataloging and increases cost efficiency.
Blockchain guarantees the authenticity of data received from sensors and the immutability of information entered by users or sensors. Smart contracts automate cataloging and mutual settlements based on this information (for example, fines for equipment downtime).
Source
IBM offers to use blockchain to track information about equipment in various industries. Sensors register all actions with an asset, including those that occur outside the given company (equipment rental). This greatly reduces the time spent on cataloging and increases cost efficiency.
Blockchain guarantees the authenticity of data received from sensors and the immutability of information entered by users or sensors. Smart contracts automate cataloging and mutual settlements based on this information (for example, fines for equipment downtime).
Source
Product authentication
The Provenance platform is a packaged solution for manufacturers of goods that allows to increase the transparency of a supply chain. All product information that may be of interest to the customer is entered into the blockchain: for example, Martine Jarlgaard uses the solution to enter all product information "from the alpaca in Dulverton to the finished sweater" (part of the information is filled in by the manufacturers of materials). Users can scan the QR code on a product with an app and see where the wool, the yarn and the sweater itself were made. This forms a special value of the product for the buyer and increases their interest in it.
Blockchain is a guarantor of authenticity and integrity of information, apart from being a convenient tool for storing serial data and its change history.
Source
The Provenance platform is a packaged solution for manufacturers of goods that allows to increase the transparency of a supply chain. All product information that may be of interest to the customer is entered into the blockchain: for example, Martine Jarlgaard uses the solution to enter all product information "from the alpaca in Dulverton to the finished sweater" (part of the information is filled in by the manufacturers of materials). Users can scan the QR code on a product with an app and see where the wool, the yarn and the sweater itself were made. This forms a special value of the product for the buyer and increases their interest in it.
Blockchain is a guarantor of authenticity and integrity of information, apart from being a convenient tool for storing serial data and its change history.
Source
Retail
Tracking products in a cross-border supply chain
TMall (Alibaba Group project) is a B2C e-commerce platform in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macau. It has 500 million monthly active users and is the 9th most visited website in the world. Since March 2018, TMall has been implementing the blockchain technology in its cross-border supply chain in partnership with the logistics company Cainiao. Using the platform, Chinese consumers from different cities covered by Cainiao, including Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, will be able to track logistic information for 30,000 products from 50 countries through a mobile app. The blockchain stores information about the country of origin, port of loading and delivery method of the goods, as well as customs report data from the port of arrival.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the authenticity of information that provides credibility to a distributed network between all supply chain participants.
Source
TMall (Alibaba Group project) is a B2C e-commerce platform in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macau. It has 500 million monthly active users and is the 9th most visited website in the world. Since March 2018, TMall has been implementing the blockchain technology in its cross-border supply chain in partnership with the logistics company Cainiao. Using the platform, Chinese consumers from different cities covered by Cainiao, including Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, will be able to track logistic information for 30,000 products from 50 countries through a mobile app. The blockchain stores information about the country of origin, port of loading and delivery method of the goods, as well as customs report data from the port of arrival.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the authenticity of information that provides credibility to a distributed network between all supply chain participants.
Source
Cargo tracking
TradeLens (the largest IBM blockchain project) is a platform for interaction between shippers, shipping lines, freight forwarders, port and terminal operators, domestic transport and customs authorities. 94 (as of October 2018) network participants update information about the goods received and exchange several types of documentation using the platform. The blockchain also records IoT sensor data (from temperature control to container weight), which allows to track the quality of traffic.
Blockchain eliminates possible cases of document fraud, increases trust between partners and reduces the costs of cargo tracking and paperwork.
Source
TradeLens (the largest IBM blockchain project) is a platform for interaction between shippers, shipping lines, freight forwarders, port and terminal operators, domestic transport and customs authorities. 94 (as of October 2018) network participants update information about the goods received and exchange several types of documentation using the platform. The blockchain also records IoT sensor data (from temperature control to container weight), which allows to track the quality of traffic.
Blockchain eliminates possible cases of document fraud, increases trust between partners and reduces the costs of cargo tracking and paperwork.
Source
Automating of food supply chains
Carrefour, one of the largest French retailers, uses blockchain to automate the transfer of information about its products along the food supply chain. In March, the chicken supply chain was integrated with the blockchain; in August, the retailer announced its intention to transfer 8 more product lines to the blockchain: eggs, cheese, milk, oranges, tomatoes, salmon and beef steaks. All participants in the supply chain contribute data to the blockchain so that the end user can use a phone to scan the product's QR code and view all the information about it. For Carrefour Quality Line Auvergne chicken, consumers can find out where and how each animal was grown, by whom, what feed was used, what treatment methods were used (i.e. antibiotics free, etc.), where the animal was slaughtered and what quality labels it bears.
Blockchain allows to share a reliable database with all partners and provides trust to food products sold on the Carrefour network.
Source
Carrefour, one of the largest French retailers, uses blockchain to automate the transfer of information about its products along the food supply chain. In March, the chicken supply chain was integrated with the blockchain; in August, the retailer announced its intention to transfer 8 more product lines to the blockchain: eggs, cheese, milk, oranges, tomatoes, salmon and beef steaks. All participants in the supply chain contribute data to the blockchain so that the end user can use a phone to scan the product's QR code and view all the information about it. For Carrefour Quality Line Auvergne chicken, consumers can find out where and how each animal was grown, by whom, what feed was used, what treatment methods were used (i.e. antibiotics free, etc.), where the animal was slaughtered and what quality labels it bears.
Blockchain allows to share a reliable database with all partners and provides trust to food products sold on the Carrefour network.
Source
Automating of food supply chains
Walmart, one of the largest US retailers, transfers all the information about Roman salad to a blockchain. The retailer obliged all salad suppliers to start entering information about their goods into the register in the course of the year. Thanks to this, buyers will be able to find out where and when the products in 5,348 stores of the network were produced. The transfer of this supply chain to the blockchain is the first step towards improving the safety of the retailer's food.
Blockchain unites all network participants: the retailer, manufacturers, and consumers, allowing the latter to quickly track the origin of poor-quality products, should they detect such.
Source
Walmart, one of the largest US retailers, transfers all the information about Roman salad to a blockchain. The retailer obliged all salad suppliers to start entering information about their goods into the register in the course of the year. Thanks to this, buyers will be able to find out where and when the products in 5,348 stores of the network were produced. The transfer of this supply chain to the blockchain is the first step towards improving the safety of the retailer's food.
Blockchain unites all network participants: the retailer, manufacturers, and consumers, allowing the latter to quickly track the origin of poor-quality products, should they detect such.
Source
Automation of factoring transactions
M.Video and Sberbank use blockchain to automatically exchange documentation on factoring transactions. The operators of M.Video upload a file, in which all data (product volume, amount, date) is recorded in a special format, into a unified system. Smart contracts automatically process this data and determine delivery status. In case of discrepancies in volumes or other delivery data, the platform notifies the bank of the need for additional verification. The technology will allow connecting third-party financial companies and other counterparties to the unified system.
Blockchain will allow different participants of the platform to exchange documents while ensuring the immutability of the data. Smart contracts determine the correctness of entered data and help automate the confirmation of contract fulfillment based on the predetermined conditions.
Source
M.Video and Sberbank use blockchain to automatically exchange documentation on factoring transactions. The operators of M.Video upload a file, in which all data (product volume, amount, date) is recorded in a special format, into a unified system. Smart contracts automatically process this data and determine delivery status. In case of discrepancies in volumes or other delivery data, the platform notifies the bank of the need for additional verification. The technology will allow connecting third-party financial companies and other counterparties to the unified system.
Blockchain will allow different participants of the platform to exchange documents while ensuring the immutability of the data. Smart contracts determine the correctness of entered data and help automate the confirmation of contract fulfillment based on the predetermined conditions.
Source
Product authentication
The Provenance platform is a packaged solution for manufacturers of goods that allows to increase the transparency of a supply chain. All product information that may be of interest to the customer is entered into the blockchain: for example, Martine Jarlgaard uses the solution to enter all product information "from the alpaca in Dulverton to the finished sweater" (part of the information is filled in by the manufacturers of materials). Users can scan the QR code on a product with an app and see where the wool, the yarn and the sweater itself were made. This forms a special value of the product for the buyer and increases their interest in it.
Blockchain is a guarantor of authenticity and integrity of information, apart from being a convenient tool for storing serial data and its change history.
Source
The Provenance platform is a packaged solution for manufacturers of goods that allows to increase the transparency of a supply chain. All product information that may be of interest to the customer is entered into the blockchain: for example, Martine Jarlgaard uses the solution to enter all product information "from the alpaca in Dulverton to the finished sweater" (part of the information is filled in by the manufacturers of materials). Users can scan the QR code on a product with an app and see where the wool, the yarn and the sweater itself were made. This forms a special value of the product for the buyer and increases their interest in it.
Blockchain is a guarantor of authenticity and integrity of information, apart from being a convenient tool for storing serial data and its change history.
Source
Agriculture
Post-Trade Processing
The four largest agricultural corporations plan to use blockchain and AI to increase the digitization of the global grain trade. The companies started with the automation of grain and oilseed post-trade processes, which were mainly conducted manually before and are an expensive part of the supply chain.
Blockchain guarantees the validity of the transactions and excludes any possibility of data manipulation. Smart contracts allow to automate transactions.
Source
The four largest agricultural corporations plan to use blockchain and AI to increase the digitization of the global grain trade. The companies started with the automation of grain and oilseed post-trade processes, which were mainly conducted manually before and are an expensive part of the supply chain.
Blockchain guarantees the validity of the transactions and excludes any possibility of data manipulation. Smart contracts allow to automate transactions.
Source
Telecom
Exchange of information between companies
China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom will use blockchain to exchange data between their IoT devices and combine KYC procedures (for quick customer identification) to reduce total operating costs.
The motivation behind the project is the imminent arrival of the 5G Internet, which will cause all the operators to update the mobile infrastructure.
Blockchain will be able to reduce operating costs without damaging the network security in the new architecture.
Source
China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom will use blockchain to exchange data between their IoT devices and combine KYC procedures (for quick customer identification) to reduce total operating costs.
The motivation behind the project is the imminent arrival of the 5G Internet, which will cause all the operators to update the mobile infrastructure.
Blockchain will be able to reduce operating costs without damaging the network security in the new architecture.
Source
Identification of customers in roaming
South Korea's largest telecommunications company KT Corporation (formerly known as Korea Telecom) has launched its own blockchain for customer identification to optimize the terms of roaming. KT plans to exchange customer data with foreign companies to optimize the formation of roaming billing terms. During 2018, KT Corporation will work with China Mobile and Japanese mobile operator NTT DoCoMo to automate international data roaming operations.
Blockchain allows to calculate the number of payments in real time, rather than waiting for data to be confirmed by clearing companies.
Source
South Korea's largest telecommunications company KT Corporation (formerly known as Korea Telecom) has launched its own blockchain for customer identification to optimize the terms of roaming. KT plans to exchange customer data with foreign companies to optimize the formation of roaming billing terms. During 2018, KT Corporation will work with China Mobile and Japanese mobile operator NTT DoCoMo to automate international data roaming operations.
Blockchain allows to calculate the number of payments in real time, rather than waiting for data to be confirmed by clearing companies.
Source
Unified platform for international roaming
Bubbletone is the first decentralized telecommunication ecosystem project. The idea of the project is to allow mobile network operators, telephone users and service providers to interact directly. Any operator can become a member of the network and provide its services to traveling customers from different countries. To do this, it should publish the tariff plans in the form of Bubbletone Blockchain smart contracts. Every user can choose a convenient tariff or a service abroad without having to change the SIM card, thereby reducing operating costs and time.
Blockchain at the heart of the platform guarantees the immutability of (smart) contracts concluded by network participants.
Source
Bubbletone is the first decentralized telecommunication ecosystem project. The idea of the project is to allow mobile network operators, telephone users and service providers to interact directly. Any operator can become a member of the network and provide its services to traveling customers from different countries. To do this, it should publish the tariff plans in the form of Bubbletone Blockchain smart contracts. Every user can choose a convenient tariff or a service abroad without having to change the SIM card, thereby reducing operating costs and time.
Blockchain at the heart of the platform guarantees the immutability of (smart) contracts concluded by network participants.
Source
Workflow automation
Japanese telecom company NTT will use a blockchain-based application to store contracts. They will be encrypted and stored in a distributed network. A record of a contract will confirm the conditions set by two or more parties to the agreement. The patent mentions sales contracts, acts, applications, and consent confirmations as examples of contracts.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of contract conditions and serves as confirmation of transactions.
Source
Japanese telecom company NTT will use a blockchain-based application to store contracts. They will be encrypted and stored in a distributed network. A record of a contract will confirm the conditions set by two or more parties to the agreement. The patent mentions sales contracts, acts, applications, and consent confirmations as examples of contracts.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of contract conditions and serves as confirmation of transactions.
Source
Transport
Storage of information from sensors of railway freight cars
VTG Ltd. is an international logistics company that leases cars as an additional activity. It has equipped 80,000 of its freight cars with sensors to track mileage, geolocation, and events associated with possible cargo delays. All information from the sensors is tagged with a timestamp and is recorded in a distributed network. It makes the data legally significant and allows to confirm the delivery of services and prove the quality of services provided by third-parties. In the future, VTG plans to use smart contracts to automate payments related to the delivery of railway cargo.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of any entered information and is a convenient tool for further automation of payments.
Source
VTG Ltd. is an international logistics company that leases cars as an additional activity. It has equipped 80,000 of its freight cars with sensors to track mileage, geolocation, and events associated with possible cargo delays. All information from the sensors is tagged with a timestamp and is recorded in a distributed network. It makes the data legally significant and allows to confirm the delivery of services and prove the quality of services provided by third-parties. In the future, VTG plans to use smart contracts to automate payments related to the delivery of railway cargo.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of any entered information and is a convenient tool for further automation of payments.
Source
Fuel payment automation
S7 and Gazpromneft-Aero Airlines have developed and implemented joint smart contracts, which increased the speed of mutual settlements related to aircraft refueling and also allowed to automate the planning and accounting of fuel supplies. Before refueling, an online application is sent to the airline's bank in order to reserve the required amount on the account. Successful refueling is confirmed by sensors from both parties, the readings of which must match. After the service is completed, the funds are written off, and the information regarding the application status along with all reporting documents is transmitted to the commercial services of the fuel supplier and the air carrier. The whole process takes about 60 seconds now.
Blockchain allows to create a trusted register of the refuelings and the amounts of fuel consumed; smart contracts integrated with sensors from both parties allow to automate the processes of checking readings and making payments.
Source
S7 and Gazpromneft-Aero Airlines have developed and implemented joint smart contracts, which increased the speed of mutual settlements related to aircraft refueling and also allowed to automate the planning and accounting of fuel supplies. Before refueling, an online application is sent to the airline's bank in order to reserve the required amount on the account. Successful refueling is confirmed by sensors from both parties, the readings of which must match. After the service is completed, the funds are written off, and the information regarding the application status along with all reporting documents is transmitted to the commercial services of the fuel supplier and the air carrier. The whole process takes about 60 seconds now.
Blockchain allows to create a trusted register of the refuelings and the amounts of fuel consumed; smart contracts integrated with sensors from both parties allow to automate the processes of checking readings and making payments.
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Financial sector
Blockchain bonds
Several banks around the world have been issuing blockchain bonds during the past few years. The first issue of commercial bonds in Russia was made by Raiffeisenbank and MegaFon, followed by MTS and Sberbank CIB. The most well-known global case study is a $73 million World Bank bond issued by Commonwealth Bank of Australia, a large Australian financial conglomerate. The securities were issued on August 28, 2018; the yield on Bond-i, two-year World Bank bonds, is 2.25%. Trading in securities is now carried out in test mode on a specifically developed blockchain platform.
Blockchain provides confidence in the issuer of securities (which cannot change the issuing conditions) and ensures safe circulation of electronic bonds in the secondary market.
Source
Several banks around the world have been issuing blockchain bonds during the past few years. The first issue of commercial bonds in Russia was made by Raiffeisenbank and MegaFon, followed by MTS and Sberbank CIB. The most well-known global case study is a $73 million World Bank bond issued by Commonwealth Bank of Australia, a large Australian financial conglomerate. The securities were issued on August 28, 2018; the yield on Bond-i, two-year World Bank bonds, is 2.25%. Trading in securities is now carried out in test mode on a specifically developed blockchain platform.
Blockchain provides confidence in the issuer of securities (which cannot change the issuing conditions) and ensures safe circulation of electronic bonds in the secondary market.
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International money transfers
Spanish bank Santander uses blockchain to make international money transfers. The bank has developed its own mobile application, based on the xCurrent technology developed by Ripple. In April 2018, retail customers were provided with the opportunity to make fast international transfers at any time of the day, regardless of the bank's working hours, to four countries: Spain, UK, Brazil and Poland, where, according to the bank's estimates, 50% of all currency transfers are made. The bank plans to expand the use of the technology to other countries in the near future.
Blockchain is the basis of the xCurrent technology, which allows to make fast and secure transfers, reduces transfer fees and currency risk associated with operation processing time.
Source
Spanish bank Santander uses blockchain to make international money transfers. The bank has developed its own mobile application, based on the xCurrent technology developed by Ripple. In April 2018, retail customers were provided with the opportunity to make fast international transfers at any time of the day, regardless of the bank's working hours, to four countries: Spain, UK, Brazil and Poland, where, according to the bank's estimates, 50% of all currency transfers are made. The bank plans to expand the use of the technology to other countries in the near future.
Blockchain is the basis of the xCurrent technology, which allows to make fast and secure transfers, reduces transfer fees and currency risk associated with operation processing time.
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Alternative to SWIFT messaging
The financial messaging provider SWIFT and 34 global transaction banks have been testing an information exchange system based on the distributed register technology. During the pilot, it was tested whether the process of opening a foreign currency account in a foreign bank would speed up. Each bank had its own node of a specifically created SWIFT DLT network. This architecture made it possible to process all events and check the update status of transactions along with expected and available balances in real time, which significantly accelerated the creation and confirmation of an account in a new bank.
Blockchain was used to store and exchange reliable information that was processed by network participants in real time.
Source
The financial messaging provider SWIFT and 34 global transaction banks have been testing an information exchange system based on the distributed register technology. During the pilot, it was tested whether the process of opening a foreign currency account in a foreign bank would speed up. Each bank had its own node of a specifically created SWIFT DLT network. This architecture made it possible to process all events and check the update status of transactions along with expected and available balances in real time, which significantly accelerated the creation and confirmation of an account in a new bank.
Blockchain was used to store and exchange reliable information that was processed by network participants in real time.
Source
The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) and the Singapore Exchange Ltd (SGX) have developed a solution for automating settlements with tokenized assets. In particular, smart contracts are used to automate calculations associated with the delivery of goods. The new system is designed to facilitate the simultaneous exchange and final settlement of digital currencies and securities carried out by financial institutions.
Why blockchain: the developed system of free deliveries (Delivery Versus Payment, or DvP) uses smart contracts to simplify post-trading processing and reduce billing cycles.
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Why blockchain: the developed system of free deliveries (Delivery Versus Payment, or DvP) uses smart contracts to simplify post-trading processing and reduce billing cycles.
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International Bank Guarantee
Raiffeisenbank together with Gazprom Neft and other large enterprises issued the first international (Russia—Belarus) bank guarantee based on blockchain technologies. Today, banks usually issue guarantees in paper form or via e-mail through the SWIFT system. Customers do not have access to this system. They will learn about the provision and the termination of a guarantee only after the fact via messages from banks. Why blockchain: Blockchain allows using the full integration model, which made it possible to achieve unprecedented transparency. The technologies used are based on the R-chain blockchain platform developed by Raiffeisenbank in 2017.
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Raiffeisenbank together with Gazprom Neft and other large enterprises issued the first international (Russia—Belarus) bank guarantee based on blockchain technologies. Today, banks usually issue guarantees in paper form or via e-mail through the SWIFT system. Customers do not have access to this system. They will learn about the provision and the termination of a guarantee only after the fact via messages from banks. Why blockchain: Blockchain allows using the full integration model, which made it possible to achieve unprecedented transparency. The technologies used are based on the R-chain blockchain platform developed by Raiffeisenbank in 2017.
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Energy sector
A platform for the automation of green energy exchange
Vicinity, the Australian company that owns more than $42 billion worth of real estate, is working to create a system for the automation of energy distribution: the platform will automatically decide whether the energy generated from solar panels is enough or the power supply should be switched to urban electricity. In the future, Vicinity plans to use this tool to sell energy generated by solar panels of shopping centers to the houses in their vicinity.
Blockchain can be used to store and exchange reliable information processed by network participants in real time.
Source
Vicinity, the Australian company that owns more than $42 billion worth of real estate, is working to create a system for the automation of energy distribution: the platform will automatically decide whether the energy generated from solar panels is enough or the power supply should be switched to urban electricity. In the future, Vicinity plans to use this tool to sell energy generated by solar panels of shopping centers to the houses in their vicinity.
Blockchain can be used to store and exchange reliable information processed by network participants in real time.
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Optimizing supervision over greenhouse gas emission quotas
Energy Blockchain Labs has developed a platform to optimize carbon asset accounting with the help of blockchain. In China, where carbon emissions are limited, large non-environmentally friendly companies buy emission quotas from other companies. The platform helps to automate monitoring, management, audit, and supervision over the quotas and provides the ability to trade them in real time to all market participants. The testing of the platform resulted in a significant reduction in the carbon asset development cycle and a 20-30% reduction in the carbon asset management cost.
Blockchain will serve as a source of proof of the generation and supply of energy, and smart contracts will allow selling energy in real time.
Source
Energy Blockchain Labs has developed a platform to optimize carbon asset accounting with the help of blockchain. In China, where carbon emissions are limited, large non-environmentally friendly companies buy emission quotas from other companies. The platform helps to automate monitoring, management, audit, and supervision over the quotas and provides the ability to trade them in real time to all market participants. The testing of the platform resulted in a significant reduction in the carbon asset development cycle and a 20-30% reduction in the carbon asset management cost.
Blockchain will serve as a source of proof of the generation and supply of energy, and smart contracts will allow selling energy in real time.
Source
Automation of post-trading processes
Oil giants Shell and BP, as part of a large group of companies, are getting ready to launch a blockchain platform to automate post-trade processing in the energy industry by the end of 2018: they plan to replace standard documentation with smart contracts.
Why blockchain: Blockchain will ensure the confidence of the platform participants in the stored data and will allow all members of the network to access product information in real time.
Source
Oil giants Shell and BP, as part of a large group of companies, are getting ready to launch a blockchain platform to automate post-trade processing in the energy industry by the end of 2018: they plan to replace standard documentation with smart contracts.
Why blockchain: Blockchain will ensure the confidence of the platform participants in the stored data and will allow all members of the network to access product information in real time.
Source
HoReCa
Hotel booking marketplace
Concierge is a decentralized platform that offers P2P rental of hotel rooms. The project allows to connect hotel offers with customer demands directly, bypassing centralized intermediary services. Hotels offer their rooms directly to customers, while all the operational environment is controlled by a smart contract (reservation date, period and cost). In addition, the hotel ratings are based on reviews that are recorded in the blockchain and therefore cannot be deleted, edited or bought.
Blockchain opens the door for a transparent and honest rating system. Smart contract significantly reduces the processing of payments costs.
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Concierge is a decentralized platform that offers P2P rental of hotel rooms. The project allows to connect hotel offers with customer demands directly, bypassing centralized intermediary services. Hotels offer their rooms directly to customers, while all the operational environment is controlled by a smart contract (reservation date, period and cost). In addition, the hotel ratings are based on reviews that are recorded in the blockchain and therefore cannot be deleted, edited or bought.
Blockchain opens the door for a transparent and honest rating system. Smart contract significantly reduces the processing of payments costs.
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P2P lending
Bitbond is a platform that acts as an intermediary between lenders and borrowers. Borrowers, such as small business owners, can get a loan of up to $10,000. Their creditworthiness is assessed based on their transaction history on several e-commerce services such as eBay, Amazon or Debitoor. Blockchain automates and simplifies settlements between platform members while creating an additional level of trust.
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SALT Lending platform allows users to pledge their own crypto assets in exchange for loans in fiat currencies. As soon as a user extinguishes his credit debt, the crypto assets are returned to his/her account. Lenders receive interest. They publish their terms on which they are willing to provide a loan, and borrowers get to choose the most convenient option.
Blockchain automates and simplifies settlements between platform members while creating an additional level of trust.
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Blockchain automates and simplifies settlements between platform members while creating an additional level of trust.
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Other
A photo licensing platform
Kodak has launched the KODAKOne platform with an integrated cryptocurrency, KODAKCoin. The token is used to pay for licensed photos. Photographers can license and sell their work on the platform, and other users can buy the rights to use it. Furthermore, the token can be used as a means of paying for advertising tools within the platform and within a partner network: payment for air/railway services and hotels, rental of studios and filming equipment, as well as fee payment.
Blockchain guarantees the validity of transactions and excludes any possibility of data manipulation. Smart contracts allow to automate transactions and bypass intermediaries.
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Kodak has launched the KODAKOne platform with an integrated cryptocurrency, KODAKCoin. The token is used to pay for licensed photos. Photographers can license and sell their work on the platform, and other users can buy the rights to use it. Furthermore, the token can be used as a means of paying for advertising tools within the platform and within a partner network: payment for air/railway services and hotels, rental of studios and filming equipment, as well as fee payment.
Blockchain guarantees the validity of transactions and excludes any possibility of data manipulation. Smart contracts allow to automate transactions and bypass intermediaries.
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Digital ID
Digital patient ID generated from various sources
IBM has developed a concept of synchronizing all kinds of customer data from mobile, wearable, and other network-connected devices, and then completing them with data from medical records, genomic research, etc. Combining various kinds of data will improve the quality of medical services. The possibility of consensual depersonalization of patient data opens the door to the creation of a unified base for research in various fields.
Blockchain will allow various users to enter data from different sources while ensuring its security and synchronization.
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IBM has developed a concept of synchronizing all kinds of customer data from mobile, wearable, and other network-connected devices, and then completing them with data from medical records, genomic research, etc. Combining various kinds of data will improve the quality of medical services. The possibility of consensual depersonalization of patient data opens the door to the creation of a unified base for research in various fields.
Blockchain will allow various users to enter data from different sources while ensuring its security and synchronization.
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Digital patient ID for safe work with medical records
MedicalChain is an electronic medical record of a patient. All personal information is stored in encrypted form on servers of hospitals, universities and independent organizations. Data access keys are stored in the blockchain along with the information about who the user shared access with. The patient can also give another user permission to share access to their data. All permissions are set for a certain period, which allows to limit the access of any user, if necessary.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of permissions to view data.
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MedicalChain is an electronic medical record of a patient. All personal information is stored in encrypted form on servers of hospitals, universities and independent organizations. Data access keys are stored in the blockchain along with the information about who the user shared access with. The patient can also give another user permission to share access to their data. All permissions are set for a certain period, which allows to limit the access of any user, if necessary.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of permissions to view data.
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Using blockchain Digital ID in telemedicine
My Clinic is a platform for instant communication with your doctor. The blockchain at its core simplifies the exchange of patient data and allows patients to contact a new doctor without having to see them personally for the initial examination or having to transfer medical records. Getting medical assistance during traveling, taking tests or going through large-scale diagnostics becomes significantly easier.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of information as well as the possibility to quickly transfer it.
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My Clinic is a platform for instant communication with your doctor. The blockchain at its core simplifies the exchange of patient data and allows patients to contact a new doctor without having to see them personally for the initial examination or having to transfer medical records. Getting medical assistance during traveling, taking tests or going through large-scale diagnostics becomes significantly easier.
Blockchain provides secure and reliable storage of information as well as the possibility to quickly transfer it.
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Digital ID of vehicle
Renault has implemented a solution from Vechain, which allows to record the entire life cycle history of a car in a blockchain. The car owner inputs mileage, technical condition, insurance contracts and history of repairs into the system. When selling a car or contacting a new insurance company, it is possible to instantly share data on the vehicle's history by giving other users access to it. Thus, a transparent environment is formed for insurance companies and the secondary car market.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of records, and smart contracts allow to create automatic insurance company alerts about the condition of cars.
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Renault has implemented a solution from Vechain, which allows to record the entire life cycle history of a car in a blockchain. The car owner inputs mileage, technical condition, insurance contracts and history of repairs into the system. When selling a car or contacting a new insurance company, it is possible to instantly share data on the vehicle's history by giving other users access to it. Thus, a transparent environment is formed for insurance companies and the secondary car market.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of records, and smart contracts allow to create automatic insurance company alerts about the condition of cars.
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Equipment Digital ID
IBM offers to use blockchain to track information about equipment in various industries. Sensors register all actions with an asset, including those that occur outside the given company (equipment rental). This greatly reduces the time spent on cataloging and increases cost efficiency.
Blockchain guarantees the authenticity of data received from sensors and the immutability of information entered by users or sensors. Smart contracts automate cataloging and mutual settlements based on this information (for example, fines for equipment downtime).
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IBM offers to use blockchain to track information about equipment in various industries. Sensors register all actions with an asset, including those that occur outside the given company (equipment rental). This greatly reduces the time spent on cataloging and increases cost efficiency.
Blockchain guarantees the authenticity of data received from sensors and the immutability of information entered by users or sensors. Smart contracts automate cataloging and mutual settlements based on this information (for example, fines for equipment downtime).
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Digital ID for staff identification
Shocard is an identity management system (IMS). Using a blockchain-based solution provides a high level of security when working with data. User personal data is stored in a mobile app. Users can share data with other people authorized in the app. It was designed for easy and quick creation of accounts for new employees of large companies.
Blockchain provides transparency of all actions with the data. It knows who has access to it and who requested it.
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Shocard is an identity management system (IMS). Using a blockchain-based solution provides a high level of security when working with data. User personal data is stored in a mobile app. Users can share data with other people authorized in the app. It was designed for easy and quick creation of accounts for new employees of large companies.
Blockchain provides transparency of all actions with the data. It knows who has access to it and who requested it.
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KYC
The Singapore banks KYC platform
The Singapore KYC client data exchange platform was tested from February to May 2017. The results showed that the blockchain technology could be successfully applied, despite large amounts of information stored and transmitted, and that customization can ensure the necessary level of confidentiality by providing access to data only to those who have been authorized.
The Singapore platform involved banks, insurance companies and government organizations (the tax service and the credit bureau). Network participants recorded, validated and passed information to each other (with the client's consent).
Blockchain provided the ability to safely store, validate and share data, as well as keep track of all updates in real time.
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The Singapore KYC client data exchange platform was tested from February to May 2017. The results showed that the blockchain technology could be successfully applied, despite large amounts of information stored and transmitted, and that customization can ensure the necessary level of confidentiality by providing access to data only to those who have been authorized.
The Singapore platform involved banks, insurance companies and government organizations (the tax service and the credit bureau). Network participants recorded, validated and passed information to each other (with the client's consent).
Blockchain provided the ability to safely store, validate and share data, as well as keep track of all updates in real time.
Source
The R3 consortium KYC platform
The R3 consortium has successfully tested the KYC platform based on the Corda blockchain, combining 39 banks (including Alfa bank, BNP Paribas, China Merchants Bank, Societe Generale, U.S. Bank and others). During the 4 days of testing, 300 information exchange transactions were conducted between banks from 19 countries and 8 time zones. Successful updates of the information made by the participants were visible in real time throughout the network.
The blockchain at the core of the platform served as a reliable source of information about who the clients give access to view and confirmed the authenticity of the information viewed by the participants.
Source
The R3 consortium has successfully tested the KYC platform based on the Corda blockchain, combining 39 banks (including Alfa bank, BNP Paribas, China Merchants Bank, Societe Generale, U.S. Bank and others). During the 4 days of testing, 300 information exchange transactions were conducted between banks from 19 countries and 8 time zones. Successful updates of the information made by the participants were visible in real time throughout the network.
The blockchain at the core of the platform served as a reliable source of information about who the clients give access to view and confirmed the authenticity of the information viewed by the participants.
Source
A KYC platform for the exchange of information between insurance companies
Hamon law, the recent French regulation on custom mobility, requires insurance companies to carry out client onboarding in 30 days. At the same time, work with confidential data in Europe is subject to the law of GDPR. Stratumn, together with Deloitte, have tested a system for exchanging client data on a blockchain among 14 insurance companies. As a result, a data storage system was formed, in which all 14 companies had confidence. Moreover, due to cryptographic mechanisms, customer data has not lost its confidentiality.
Blockchain provides trust between platform members and ensures internal confidentiality of information.
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Hamon law, the recent French regulation on custom mobility, requires insurance companies to carry out client onboarding in 30 days. At the same time, work with confidential data in Europe is subject to the law of GDPR. Stratumn, together with Deloitte, have tested a system for exchanging client data on a blockchain among 14 insurance companies. As a result, a data storage system was formed, in which all 14 companies had confidence. Moreover, due to cryptographic mechanisms, customer data has not lost its confidentiality.
Blockchain provides trust between platform members and ensures internal confidentiality of information.
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The telecom companies KYC platform
China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom will use blockchain to exchange data between their IoT devices and combine KYC procedures (for quick customer identification) to reduce total operating costs.
The motivation behind the project is the imminent arrival of the 5G Internet, which will cause all the operators to update the mobile infrastructure.
Blockchain will be able to reduce operating costs without damaging the network security in the new architecture.
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China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom will use blockchain to exchange data between their IoT devices and combine KYC procedures (for quick customer identification) to reduce total operating costs.
The motivation behind the project is the imminent arrival of the 5G Internet, which will cause all the operators to update the mobile infrastructure.
Blockchain will be able to reduce operating costs without damaging the network security in the new architecture.
Source
Intellectual property
Authentication of works of art
Everledger Art is a solution to simplify the authentication of works of art. Experts evaluate the object under question and then record all their conclusions in the blockchain. With the help of certified digital proof, the owner of a painting will be able to prove its authenticity. origin and value. This will eliminate the need for repeated expert checks, usually carried out every time a painting is being sold.
Blockchain stores all information about a work of art, proving its credibility to collectors and auction houses.
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Everledger Art is a solution to simplify the authentication of works of art. Experts evaluate the object under question and then record all their conclusions in the blockchain. With the help of certified digital proof, the owner of a painting will be able to prove its authenticity. origin and value. This will eliminate the need for repeated expert checks, usually carried out every time a painting is being sold.
Blockchain stores all information about a work of art, proving its credibility to collectors and auction houses.
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Copyright confirmation
Proofstack is an app for the certification of documents. The service archives the document file together with the owner's personal signature and the timestamp. The archive hash is then recorded in the chosen blockchain. Additionally, the user can select a country, which will affect the type of timestamp and the desired storage location of the generated archive (cloud or hard drive). The archive created as a result of the certification confirms that the file was archived by a certain person at a certain time. The developers also recommend sharing files of this type through a specially generated link, informing anyone who downloads the file that it is the author's certified intellectual property.
Blockchain is used to store hashes of archived files, which allows to confirm the creation of an archive at a specific point in time.
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Proofstack is an app for the certification of documents. The service archives the document file together with the owner's personal signature and the timestamp. The archive hash is then recorded in the chosen blockchain. Additionally, the user can select a country, which will affect the type of timestamp and the desired storage location of the generated archive (cloud or hard drive). The archive created as a result of the certification confirms that the file was archived by a certain person at a certain time. The developers also recommend sharing files of this type through a specially generated link, informing anyone who downloads the file that it is the author's certified intellectual property.
Blockchain is used to store hashes of archived files, which allows to confirm the creation of an archive at a specific point in time.
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Anchoring document hash to a blockchain
Stampery records a hash of any text file information (be it a document, a letter or messenger message history) in a Bitcoin or Ethereum blockchain (this is what the anchoring mechanism is essentially about). Stampery claims the ability to process 10⁹ data sets per second, extract their unique cryptographic identifiers, build a cryptographic tree with all this date and time stamped data, and publish the result (as a hash) into the blockchain. The solution is mainly oriented towards large companies that need to ensure the safety of circulated documents.
A blockchain is a network for storing generated hashes. The mechanism behind open blockchains will not allow changing the hash once it is entered, therefore proving the authenticity of documents.
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Stampery records a hash of any text file information (be it a document, a letter or messenger message history) in a Bitcoin or Ethereum blockchain (this is what the anchoring mechanism is essentially about). Stampery claims the ability to process 10⁹ data sets per second, extract their unique cryptographic identifiers, build a cryptographic tree with all this date and time stamped data, and publish the result (as a hash) into the blockchain. The solution is mainly oriented towards large companies that need to ensure the safety of circulated documents.
A blockchain is a network for storing generated hashes. The mechanism behind open blockchains will not allow changing the hash once it is entered, therefore proving the authenticity of documents.
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Deponent
The depositor makes entries in the Waves' immutable register stored on hundreds of servers around the world. The service keeps a digital fingerprint of those actions — a hash — in the blockchain. Should any file be changed, its hash would change as well. Therefore, it is always possible to prove that the author of a blockchain entry possessed an objective form of a particular work at a specific point in time.
Why blockchain: Blockchain is used to store file hashes. This allows confirming the creation of a certain document at a particular point in time.
Source
The depositor makes entries in the Waves' immutable register stored on hundreds of servers around the world. The service keeps a digital fingerprint of those actions — a hash — in the blockchain. Should any file be changed, its hash would change as well. Therefore, it is always possible to prove that the author of a blockchain entry possessed an objective form of a particular work at a specific point in time.
Why blockchain: Blockchain is used to store file hashes. This allows confirming the creation of a certain document at a particular point in time.
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Crowdbuilding
Crowdbuilding
SQUAREX is a platform for collective housing funding. Participants have the opportunity to influence all stages of construction: from the approval of architectural design to the selection of a building contractor and supervision over its work.
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RealBlocks is a decentralized investment platform that connects users around the world and allows them to attract and invest capital in real estate.
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Bitproperty blockchain platform offers investors around the world the opportunity to invest cryptocurrency in construction objects — both in those at the initial stage of construction and in ready-made objects.
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Why blockchain: Not only do smart contracts optimize any technical or financial process in construction, but they also reduce the risk of misuse. The transfer of funds to the developer's accounts occurs only after all participants confirm that a certain stage of construction has been completed.
SQUAREX is a platform for collective housing funding. Participants have the opportunity to influence all stages of construction: from the approval of architectural design to the selection of a building contractor and supervision over its work.
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RealBlocks is a decentralized investment platform that connects users around the world and allows them to attract and invest capital in real estate.
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Bitproperty blockchain platform offers investors around the world the opportunity to invest cryptocurrency in construction objects — both in those at the initial stage of construction and in ready-made objects.
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Why blockchain: Not only do smart contracts optimize any technical or financial process in construction, but they also reduce the risk of misuse. The transfer of funds to the developer's accounts occurs only after all participants confirm that a certain stage of construction has been completed.
Procurement
Ensuring the transparency of public auctions
The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and Bitfury have begun using blockchain platforms to hold confiscated assets auctions. The information about the course of trading, bids, and buyouts is recorded in the blockchain integrated with the platform. Anyone can check the progress and the outcome of an auction. The pilot project turned out successful, so both parties decided to gradually integrate the blockchain into other types of public auctions.
Blockchain will confirm all actions performed and exclude manipulations with information during the bidding process.
Source
The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and Bitfury have begun using blockchain platforms to hold confiscated assets auctions. The information about the course of trading, bids, and buyouts is recorded in the blockchain integrated with the platform. Anyone can check the progress and the outcome of an auction. The pilot project turned out successful, so both parties decided to gradually integrate the blockchain into other types of public auctions.
Blockchain will confirm all actions performed and exclude manipulations with information during the bidding process.
Source
Recording auction information in the blockchain
The auction house Christie's (conducts 350 trades annually; in the first half of 2018, the volume of art objects sold amounted to $4 billion) has announced its intention to record the painting sale transactions on the blockchain. The blockchain system will be first used during the November auction "An American Place | The Barney A. Ebsworth Collection Evening Sale", estimated by experts at $300 million. The information about each lot (name, description, author, sale confirmation, date, and cost of the transaction) will be recorded on the blockchain. A digital certificate will be generated based on the data hash, and new owners of the paintings will be given access to it in order to confirm the authenticity of their property in the future.
Blockchain will guarantee ownership of art objects and the possibility of confirming its authenticity in the future.
Source
The auction house Christie's (conducts 350 trades annually; in the first half of 2018, the volume of art objects sold amounted to $4 billion) has announced its intention to record the painting sale transactions on the blockchain. The blockchain system will be first used during the November auction "An American Place | The Barney A. Ebsworth Collection Evening Sale", estimated by experts at $300 million. The information about each lot (name, description, author, sale confirmation, date, and cost of the transaction) will be recorded on the blockchain. A digital certificate will be generated based on the data hash, and new owners of the paintings will be given access to it in order to confirm the authenticity of their property in the future.
Blockchain will guarantee ownership of art objects and the possibility of confirming its authenticity in the future.
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Authentication
Product authentication
The Provenance platform is a packaged solution for manufacturers of goods that allows to increase the transparency of a supply chain. All product information that may be of interest to the customer is entered into the blockchain: for example, Martine Jarlgaard uses the solution to enter all product information "from the alpaca in Dulverton to the finished sweater" (part of the information is filled in by the manufacturers of materials). Users can scan the QR code on a product with an app and see where the wool, the yarn and the sweater itself were made. This forms a special value of the product for the buyer and increases their interest in it.
Blockchain is a guarantor of authenticity and integrity of information, apart from being a convenient tool for storing serial data and its change history.
Source
The Provenance platform is a packaged solution for manufacturers of goods that allows to increase the transparency of a supply chain. All product information that may be of interest to the customer is entered into the blockchain: for example, Martine Jarlgaard uses the solution to enter all product information "from the alpaca in Dulverton to the finished sweater" (part of the information is filled in by the manufacturers of materials). Users can scan the QR code on a product with an app and see where the wool, the yarn and the sweater itself were made. This forms a special value of the product for the buyer and increases their interest in it.
Blockchain is a guarantor of authenticity and integrity of information, apart from being a convenient tool for storing serial data and its change history.
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Gemstone authentication
The Everledger platform provides various interested parties (from insurance companies and claimants to law enforcement agencies) with access to an immutable historical data register that allows to identify and authenticate gemstones, precious metals, and operations with them. The service produces a "digital passport" for each gem, a unique tag that follows them in the course of all related transactions.
Blockchain is a constant source of information about mined stones which allows real-time exchange of the status of goods.
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The Everledger platform provides various interested parties (from insurance companies and claimants to law enforcement agencies) with access to an immutable historical data register that allows to identify and authenticate gemstones, precious metals, and operations with them. The service produces a "digital passport" for each gem, a unique tag that follows them in the course of all related transactions.
Blockchain is a constant source of information about mined stones which allows real-time exchange of the status of goods.
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Document authentication
The world's highest ranked university, MIT, uses blockchain to store the students' diplomas. Instead of contacting the university to confirm someone's degree, employers can now find out about the student's grades and graduation year from a reliable source.
Blockchain is a source of reliable information that does not allow even the most technologically advanced students to manipulate data.
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The world's highest ranked university, MIT, uses blockchain to store the students' diplomas. Instead of contacting the university to confirm someone's degree, employers can now find out about the student's grades and graduation year from a reliable source.
Blockchain is a source of reliable information that does not allow even the most technologically advanced students to manipulate data.
Source
E-ticket authentication
All tickets for the match between Real and Atletico de Madrid in Tallinn were issued and sold through iOS and Android apps synchronized with the blockchain network. Buyers were able to see the price of a ticket and confirm its authenticity. The ticket check at the entrance was carried out with special Bluetooth devices, which also requested data from the blockchain.
Blockchain provided the possibility to verify the authenticity of the tickets and their original price.
Source
All tickets for the match between Real and Atletico de Madrid in Tallinn were issued and sold through iOS and Android apps synchronized with the blockchain network. Buyers were able to see the price of a ticket and confirm its authenticity. The ticket check at the entrance was carried out with special Bluetooth devices, which also requested data from the blockchain.
Blockchain provided the possibility to verify the authenticity of the tickets and their original price.
Source
Unified Electronic Ticket System
Uzbekistan will introduce the Unified Electronic Ticket System in Culture and Art Facilities that uses the blockchain technology. This will reduce fraud in the form of fake or duplicate tickets and eliminate the resale of tickets at inflated prices. Additionally, the system can be used to combine tickets for various events (while maintaining the terms of sale in smart contracts) and to encourage citizens and tourists to attend cultural events at discounted prices.
The code and the price of the issued tickets will be stored in the blockchain, making it impossible to fake or duplicate them.
Source
Uzbekistan will introduce the Unified Electronic Ticket System in Culture and Art Facilities that uses the blockchain technology. This will reduce fraud in the form of fake or duplicate tickets and eliminate the resale of tickets at inflated prices. Additionally, the system can be used to combine tickets for various events (while maintaining the terms of sale in smart contracts) and to encourage citizens and tourists to attend cultural events at discounted prices.
The code and the price of the issued tickets will be stored in the blockchain, making it impossible to fake or duplicate them.
Source
Settlements
Blockchain payments in the UAE government
The Dubai Department of Finance has launched a unified system for the coordination of payments and transfers with the purpose to ensure the transparency of government actions. The new system is already in use by the Dubai Electricity & Water Authority (DEWA) and the Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA), with a total of more than five million test transactions.
Blockchain is at the core of the transfer system, and it allows to operate in real time. Automation of certain processes with the help of smart contracts makes employees' work less time-consuming and reduces the number of errors.
Source
The Dubai Department of Finance has launched a unified system for the coordination of payments and transfers with the purpose to ensure the transparency of government actions. The new system is already in use by the Dubai Electricity & Water Authority (DEWA) and the Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA), with a total of more than five million test transactions.
Blockchain is at the core of the transfer system, and it allows to operate in real time. Automation of certain processes with the help of smart contracts makes employees' work less time-consuming and reduces the number of errors.
Source
Fuel payment automation
S7 and Gazpromneft-Aero Airlines have developed and implemented joint smart contracts, which increased the speed of mutual settlements related to aircraft refueling and also allowed to automate the planning and accounting of fuel supplies. Before refueling, an online application is sent to the airline's bank in order to reserve the required amount on the account. Successful refueling is confirmed by sensors from both parties, the readings of which must match. After the service is completed, the funds are written off, and the information regarding the application status along with all reporting documents is transmitted to the commercial services of the fuel supplier and the air carrier. The whole process takes about 60 seconds now.
Blockchain allows to create a trusted register of the refuelings and the amounts of fuel consumed; smart contracts integrated with sensors from both parties allow to automate the processes of checking readings and making payments.
Source
S7 and Gazpromneft-Aero Airlines have developed and implemented joint smart contracts, which increased the speed of mutual settlements related to aircraft refueling and also allowed to automate the planning and accounting of fuel supplies. Before refueling, an online application is sent to the airline's bank in order to reserve the required amount on the account. Successful refueling is confirmed by sensors from both parties, the readings of which must match. After the service is completed, the funds are written off, and the information regarding the application status along with all reporting documents is transmitted to the commercial services of the fuel supplier and the air carrier. The whole process takes about 60 seconds now.
Blockchain allows to create a trusted register of the refuelings and the amounts of fuel consumed; smart contracts integrated with sensors from both parties allow to automate the processes of checking readings and making payments.
Source
Tokenization of real assets
Tokenization of new housing
In Russia, work is underway to create a public register of new housing. The register eliminates the possibility of data falsification, which will increase trust between all participants of the housing market: public bodies, banks, the ДОМ.РФ resource, etc. The technology will ensure transparency and reliability of the "one-stop-shop" system, as well as automate housing sector processes with the help of smart contracts.
Blockchain is a convenient technology for real estate tokenization, which will greatly simplify the transfer of real estate ownership and make the whole process more secure.
Source
In Russia, work is underway to create a public register of new housing. The register eliminates the possibility of data falsification, which will increase trust between all participants of the housing market: public bodies, banks, the ДОМ.РФ resource, etc. The technology will ensure transparency and reliability of the "one-stop-shop" system, as well as automate housing sector processes with the help of smart contracts.
Blockchain is a convenient technology for real estate tokenization, which will greatly simplify the transfer of real estate ownership and make the whole process more secure.
Source
Tokenization of football clubs
Football (soccer) clubs from around the world have announced their intention to hold ICOs. PSG and Juventus are planning to emit tokens, which will enable fans from all over the world to take part in polls and receive loyalty points along with "exclusive rewards".
Brazilian club Avai Futebol Clube plans to issue tokens to attract $20 million. In return for their investments, token holders will be granted favorable conditions for ticket purchasing and access to exclusive offers. English clubs Newcastle United and Cardiff City will also hold their ICOs and grant investors club income shares in addition to "exclusive benefits".
Blockchain is a convenient and reliable tool for the release and secondary circulation of tokens.
Source
Football (soccer) clubs from around the world have announced their intention to hold ICOs. PSG and Juventus are planning to emit tokens, which will enable fans from all over the world to take part in polls and receive loyalty points along with "exclusive rewards".
Brazilian club Avai Futebol Clube plans to issue tokens to attract $20 million. In return for their investments, token holders will be granted favorable conditions for ticket purchasing and access to exclusive offers. English clubs Newcastle United and Cardiff City will also hold their ICOs and grant investors club income shares in addition to "exclusive benefits".
Blockchain is a convenient and reliable tool for the release and secondary circulation of tokens.
Source
Tokenization of real estate
Propellr, Fluidity and renowned realtor Ryan Serhant (acting as a broker) have converted property rights into tokens corresponding to ownership shares in a Manhattan building with 12 apartments of 1700 square meters each. The building is estimated at $30 million, and Ethereum-based tokens are already issued and available for sale.
Blockchain-powered tokenization allows anyone to micro-invest in East Village real estate, which was previously impossible.
Source
Propellr, Fluidity and renowned realtor Ryan Serhant (acting as a broker) have converted property rights into tokens corresponding to ownership shares in a Manhattan building with 12 apartments of 1700 square meters each. The building is estimated at $30 million, and Ethereum-based tokens are already issued and available for sale.
Blockchain-powered tokenization allows anyone to micro-invest in East Village real estate, which was previously impossible.
Source
Financial instruments
Automation of L/C transactions
A $100,000 letter of credit was issued to cover the butter and cheese supply from the Irish company Ornua to the Seychelles Trading Company with Barclays bank acting as an intermediary. The transaction documents confirming the fulfillment of the L/C conditions were uploaded into a distributed register. The certificate of origin, the insurance certificate, the invoice, and the consignment note were uploaded during the pilot. Because the documents didn't have to be delivered manually, the funds were transferred in 4 hours instead of 7 days.
Blockchain secured the authenticity of the documents and guaranteed the immutability of the downloaded files.
Source
A $100,000 letter of credit was issued to cover the butter and cheese supply from the Irish company Ornua to the Seychelles Trading Company with Barclays bank acting as an intermediary. The transaction documents confirming the fulfillment of the L/C conditions were uploaded into a distributed register. The certificate of origin, the insurance certificate, the invoice, and the consignment note were uploaded during the pilot. Because the documents didn't have to be delivered manually, the funds were transferred in 4 hours instead of 7 days.
Blockchain secured the authenticity of the documents and guaranteed the immutability of the downloaded files.
Source
Automation of factoring transactions
M.Video and Sberbank use blockchain to automatically exchange documentation on factoring transactions. The operators of M.Video upload a file, in which all data (product volume, amount, date) is recorded in a special format, into a unified system. Smart contracts automatically process this data and determine delivery status. In case of discrepancies in volumes or other delivery data, the platform notifies the bank of the need for additional verification. The technology will allow connecting third-party financial companies and other counterparties to the unified system.
Blockchain will allow different participants of the platform to exchange documents while ensuring the immutability of the data. Smart contracts determine the correctness of entered data and help automate the confirmation of contract fulfillment based on the predetermined conditions.
Source
M.Video and Sberbank use blockchain to automatically exchange documentation on factoring transactions. The operators of M.Video upload a file, in which all data (product volume, amount, date) is recorded in a special format, into a unified system. Smart contracts automatically process this data and determine delivery status. In case of discrepancies in volumes or other delivery data, the platform notifies the bank of the need for additional verification. The technology will allow connecting third-party financial companies and other counterparties to the unified system.
Blockchain will allow different participants of the platform to exchange documents while ensuring the immutability of the data. Smart contracts determine the correctness of entered data and help automate the confirmation of contract fulfillment based on the predetermined conditions.
Source
Blockchain bonds
Several banks around the world have been issuing blockchain bonds during the past few years. The first issue of commercial bonds in Russia was made by Raiffeisenbank and MegaFon, followed by MTS and Sberbank CIB. The most well-known global case study is a $73 million World Bank bond issued by Commonwealth Bank of Australia, a large Australian financial conglomerate. The securities were issued on August 28, 2018; the yield on Bond-i, two-year World Bank bonds, is 2.25%. Trading in securities is now carried out in test mode on a specifically developed blockchain platform.
Blockchain provides confidence in the issuer of securities (which cannot change the issuing conditions) and ensures safe circulation of electronic bonds in the secondary market.
Source
Several banks around the world have been issuing blockchain bonds during the past few years. The first issue of commercial bonds in Russia was made by Raiffeisenbank and MegaFon, followed by MTS and Sberbank CIB. The most well-known global case study is a $73 million World Bank bond issued by Commonwealth Bank of Australia, a large Australian financial conglomerate. The securities were issued on August 28, 2018; the yield on Bond-i, two-year World Bank bonds, is 2.25%. Trading in securities is now carried out in test mode on a specifically developed blockchain platform.
Blockchain provides confidence in the issuer of securities (which cannot change the issuing conditions) and ensures safe circulation of electronic bonds in the secondary market.
Source
International money transfers
Spanish bank Santander uses blockchain to make international money transfers. The bank has developed its own mobile application, based on the xCurrent technology developed by Ripple. In April 2018, retail customers were provided with the opportunity to make fast international transfers at any time of the day, regardless of the bank's working hours, to four countries: Spain, UK, Brazil and Poland, where, according to the bank's estimates, 50% of all currency transfers are made. The bank plans to expand the use of the technology to other countries in the near future.
Blockchain is the basis of the xCurrent technology, which allows to make fast and secure transfers, reduces transfer fees and currency risk associated with operation processing time.
Source
Spanish bank Santander uses blockchain to make international money transfers. The bank has developed its own mobile application, based on the xCurrent technology developed by Ripple. In April 2018, retail customers were provided with the opportunity to make fast international transfers at any time of the day, regardless of the bank's working hours, to four countries: Spain, UK, Brazil and Poland, where, according to the bank's estimates, 50% of all currency transfers are made. The bank plans to expand the use of the technology to other countries in the near future.
Blockchain is the basis of the xCurrent technology, which allows to make fast and secure transfers, reduces transfer fees and currency risk associated with operation processing time.
Source
Supply chain
Tracking products in a cross-border supply chain
TMall (Alibaba Group project) is a B2C e-commerce platform in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macau. It has 500 million monthly active users and is the 9th most visited website in the world. Since March 2018, TMall has been implementing the blockchain technology in its cross-border supply chain in partnership with the logistics company Cainiao. Using the platform, Chinese consumers from different cities covered by Cainiao, including Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, will be able to track logistic information for 30,000 products from 50 countries through a mobile app. The blockchain stores information about the country of origin, port of loading and delivery method of the goods, as well as customs report data from the port of arrival.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the authenticity of information that provides credibility to a distributed network between all supply chain participants.
Source
TMall (Alibaba Group project) is a B2C e-commerce platform in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macau. It has 500 million monthly active users and is the 9th most visited website in the world. Since March 2018, TMall has been implementing the blockchain technology in its cross-border supply chain in partnership with the logistics company Cainiao. Using the platform, Chinese consumers from different cities covered by Cainiao, including Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, will be able to track logistic information for 30,000 products from 50 countries through a mobile app. The blockchain stores information about the country of origin, port of loading and delivery method of the goods, as well as customs report data from the port of arrival.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the authenticity of information that provides credibility to a distributed network between all supply chain participants.
Source
Cargo tracking
TradeLens (the largest IBM blockchain project) is a platform for interaction between shippers, shipping lines, freight forwarders, port and terminal operators, domestic transport and customs authorities. 94 (as of October 2018) network participants update information about the goods received and exchange several types of documentation using the platform. The blockchain also records IoT sensor data (from temperature control to container weight), which allows to track the quality of traffic.
Blockchain eliminates possible cases of document fraud, increases trust between partners and reduces the costs of cargo tracking and paperwork.
Source
TradeLens (the largest IBM blockchain project) is a platform for interaction between shippers, shipping lines, freight forwarders, port and terminal operators, domestic transport and customs authorities. 94 (as of October 2018) network participants update information about the goods received and exchange several types of documentation using the platform. The blockchain also records IoT sensor data (from temperature control to container weight), which allows to track the quality of traffic.
Blockchain eliminates possible cases of document fraud, increases trust between partners and reduces the costs of cargo tracking and paperwork.
Source
Automating of food supply chains
Carrefour, one of the largest French retailers, uses blockchain to automate the transfer of information about its products along the food supply chain. In March, the chicken supply chain was integrated with the blockchain; in August, the retailer announced its intention to transfer 8 more product lines to the blockchain: eggs, cheese, milk, oranges, tomatoes, salmon and beef steaks. All participants in the supply chain contribute data to the blockchain so that the end user can use a phone to scan the product's QR code and view all the information about it. For Carrefour Quality Line Auvergne chicken, consumers can find out where and how each animal was grown, by whom, what feed was used, what treatment methods were used (i.e. antibiotics free, etc.), where the animal was slaughtered and what quality labels it bears.
Blockchain allows to share a reliable database with all partners and provides trust to food products sold on the Carrefour network.
Source
Carrefour, one of the largest French retailers, uses blockchain to automate the transfer of information about its products along the food supply chain. In March, the chicken supply chain was integrated with the blockchain; in August, the retailer announced its intention to transfer 8 more product lines to the blockchain: eggs, cheese, milk, oranges, tomatoes, salmon and beef steaks. All participants in the supply chain contribute data to the blockchain so that the end user can use a phone to scan the product's QR code and view all the information about it. For Carrefour Quality Line Auvergne chicken, consumers can find out where and how each animal was grown, by whom, what feed was used, what treatment methods were used (i.e. antibiotics free, etc.), where the animal was slaughtered and what quality labels it bears.
Blockchain allows to share a reliable database with all partners and provides trust to food products sold on the Carrefour network.
Source
Automating of food supply chains
Walmart, one of the largest US retailers, transfers all the information about Roman salad to a blockchain. The retailer obliged all salad suppliers to start entering information about their goods into the register in the course of the year. Thanks to this, buyers will be able to find out where and when the products in 5 348 stores of the network were produced. The transfer of this supply chain to the blockchain is the first step towards improving the safety of the retailer's food.
Blockchain unites all network participants: the retailer, manufacturers, and consumers, allowing the latter to quickly track the origin of poor-quality products, should they detect such.
Source
Walmart, one of the largest US retailers, transfers all the information about Roman salad to a blockchain. The retailer obliged all salad suppliers to start entering information about their goods into the register in the course of the year. Thanks to this, buyers will be able to find out where and when the products in 5 348 stores of the network were produced. The transfer of this supply chain to the blockchain is the first step towards improving the safety of the retailer's food.
Blockchain unites all network participants: the retailer, manufacturers, and consumers, allowing the latter to quickly track the origin of poor-quality products, should they detect such.
Source
Storage of information from sensors of railway freight cars
VTG Aktiengesellschaft is an international logistics company that leases cars as an additional activity. It has equipped 80,000 of its freight cars with sensors to track mileage, geolocation, and events associated with possible cargo delays. All information from the sensors is tagged with a timestamp and is recorded in a distributed network. It makes the data legally significant and allows to confirm the delivery of services and prove the quality of services provided by third-parties. In the future, VTG plans to use smart contracts to automate payments related to the delivery of railway cargo.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of any entered information and is a convenient tool for further automation of payments.
Source
VTG Aktiengesellschaft is an international logistics company that leases cars as an additional activity. It has equipped 80,000 of its freight cars with sensors to track mileage, geolocation, and events associated with possible cargo delays. All information from the sensors is tagged with a timestamp and is recorded in a distributed network. It makes the data legally significant and allows to confirm the delivery of services and prove the quality of services provided by third-parties. In the future, VTG plans to use smart contracts to automate payments related to the delivery of railway cargo.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of any entered information and is a convenient tool for further automation of payments.
Source
Automating the food supply chain
Retailer Gustav Gerig AG will be tracking swiss tuna with the help of the Ethereum blockchain. A unique QR code will be put on each package for users to scan and find all relevant information: date of manufacture, type of tuna, or even the boat on which it was caught.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the information's authenticity that provides confidence in a distributed network for all participants in the supply chain.
Source
Retailer Gustav Gerig AG will be tracking swiss tuna with the help of the Ethereum blockchain. A unique QR code will be put on each package for users to scan and find all relevant information: date of manufacture, type of tuna, or even the boat on which it was caught.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the information's authenticity that provides confidence in a distributed network for all participants in the supply chain.
Source
Supply Chain Insurance
One of the largest Japanese insurance companies, Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance along with NTT DATA, has piloted a project, during which sea insurance documents were transferred via blockchain. The main objective of the project was to achieve faster insurance payments by providing a system for collecting and exchanging the necessary information "promptly and accurately". Current practices had proven to be inefficient since the parties to the agreements are located in different countries.
Blockchain allowed to reduce the payment period of insurance premiums from more than a month to "no more than one week," while increasing productivity and operational efficiency, all thanks to automated calculations.
Source
One of the largest Japanese insurance companies, Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance along with NTT DATA, has piloted a project, during which sea insurance documents were transferred via blockchain. The main objective of the project was to achieve faster insurance payments by providing a system for collecting and exchanging the necessary information "promptly and accurately". Current practices had proven to be inefficient since the parties to the agreements are located in different countries.
Blockchain allowed to reduce the payment period of insurance premiums from more than a month to "no more than one week," while increasing productivity and operational efficiency, all thanks to automated calculations.
Source
Electronic workflow
Workflow automation
Japanese telecom company NTT will use a blockchain-based application to store contracts. They will be encrypted and stored in a distributed network. A record of a contract will confirm the conditions set by two or more parties to the agreement. The patent mentions sales contracts, acts, applications, and consent confirmations as examples of contracts.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of contract conditions and serves as confirmation of transactions.
Source
Japanese telecom company NTT will use a blockchain-based application to store contracts. They will be encrypted and stored in a distributed network. A record of a contract will confirm the conditions set by two or more parties to the agreement. The patent mentions sales contracts, acts, applications, and consent confirmations as examples of contracts.
Blockchain guarantees the immutability of contract conditions and serves as confirmation of transactions.
Source
Automation of trade documents exchange
Natixis, IBM, and Trafigura have developed the first concept of a blockchain-based solution for financial transactions in commodity trading, which will be used in transactions in the US crude oil market. A unified trading platform will allow the exchange of commodity documents, current shipping data, delivery, and payment status in a single joint register. This will shorten the transaction time, reduce the number of duplicate documents and optimize the identification of trading partners. Typically, these operations require complex manipulations and paperwork, not to mention couriers, fax and email used to transmit documents.
Blockchain will ensure the trust of the trading platform users to the stored data and provide all members of the network with real-time access to product information.
Source
Natixis, IBM, and Trafigura have developed the first concept of a blockchain-based solution for financial transactions in commodity trading, which will be used in transactions in the US crude oil market. A unified trading platform will allow the exchange of commodity documents, current shipping data, delivery, and payment status in a single joint register. This will shorten the transaction time, reduce the number of duplicate documents and optimize the identification of trading partners. Typically, these operations require complex manipulations and paperwork, not to mention couriers, fax and email used to transmit documents.
Blockchain will ensure the trust of the trading platform users to the stored data and provide all members of the network with real-time access to product information.
Source
Electronic mortgages
Raiffeisenbank has issued an electronic mortgage, the record of which is now stored in a blockchain register. An electronic mortgage is an .xml file that contains information about the mortgagor and the borrower, the name, date, and place of the loan agreement, the loan amount, the due date, the name and description of the mortgaged property. Now, when making a mortgage, the buyer doesn't need to transfer the mortgage document to the bank for storage, as it is accepted for depository accounting and storage remotely by uploading the file into the blockchain.
Blockchain improves data storage security, reduces operating costs of depositories, and also reduces transaction time for both the bank and its customers.
Source
Raiffeisenbank has issued an electronic mortgage, the record of which is now stored in a blockchain register. An electronic mortgage is an .xml file that contains information about the mortgagor and the borrower, the name, date, and place of the loan agreement, the loan amount, the due date, the name and description of the mortgaged property. Now, when making a mortgage, the buyer doesn't need to transfer the mortgage document to the bank for storage, as it is accepted for depository accounting and storage remotely by uploading the file into the blockchain.
Blockchain improves data storage security, reduces operating costs of depositories, and also reduces transaction time for both the bank and its customers.
Source
Blockchain document certification
Stampery records a hash of any text file information (be it a document, a letter or messenger message history) in a Bitcoin or Ethereum blockchain (this is what the anchoring mechanism is essentially about). Stampery claims the ability to process 10⁹ data sets per second, extract their unique cryptographic identifiers, build a cryptographic tree with all this date and time stamped data, and publish the result (as a hash) into the blockchain. The solution is mainly oriented towards large companies that need to ensure the safety of circulated documents.
Blockchain is a network for storing generated hashes. The mechanism behind open blockchains will not allow changing the hash once it is entered, therefore proving the authenticity of documents.
Source
Stampery records a hash of any text file information (be it a document, a letter or messenger message history) in a Bitcoin or Ethereum blockchain (this is what the anchoring mechanism is essentially about). Stampery claims the ability to process 10⁹ data sets per second, extract their unique cryptographic identifiers, build a cryptographic tree with all this date and time stamped data, and publish the result (as a hash) into the blockchain. The solution is mainly oriented towards large companies that need to ensure the safety of circulated documents.
Blockchain is a network for storing generated hashes. The mechanism behind open blockchains will not allow changing the hash once it is entered, therefore proving the authenticity of documents.
Source
Cloud workflow management system
NetDocuments and Integra have developed a script functionality for uploading information about the files stored in the NetDocuments cloud system, their properties and statuses to a blockchain. The files do not leave their private cloud in the new architecture; the blockchain only stores file hashes and data about who posted and approved the document, who made the latest changes, who has access rights, and which version to consider as the main version. It is planned to record legally significant information relating to the documents in the blockchain, too. For example, the signing of an NDA with an electronic signature.
Blockchain provides secure storage of information about all actions with a document.
Source
NetDocuments and Integra have developed a script functionality for uploading information about the files stored in the NetDocuments cloud system, their properties and statuses to a blockchain. The files do not leave their private cloud in the new architecture; the blockchain only stores file hashes and data about who posted and approved the document, who made the latest changes, who has access rights, and which version to consider as the main version. It is planned to record legally significant information relating to the documents in the blockchain, too. For example, the signing of an NDA with an electronic signature.
Blockchain provides secure storage of information about all actions with a document.
Source
Jurisprudence
Tracking the delivery of subpoenas
ServeManager and Integra have integrated the blockchain technology into a subpoena delivery tracking service. The person delivering the subpoena records a delivery attempt in a distributed register along with the GPS coordinates, the date and time stamp, and data from the device. The attempt is assigned a unique identifier, which can be referred to as evidence in further proceedings. This reduces the cost of proving an attempt to invite a counterparty to a court hearing.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the authenticity of records, therefore the information recorded in it can be used as evidence in court.
Source
ServeManager and Integra have integrated the blockchain technology into a subpoena delivery tracking service. The person delivering the subpoena records a delivery attempt in a distributed register along with the GPS coordinates, the date and time stamp, and data from the device. The attempt is assigned a unique identifier, which can be referred to as evidence in further proceedings. This reduces the cost of proving an attempt to invite a counterparty to a court hearing.
Blockchain is a guarantor of the authenticity of records, therefore the information recorded in it can be used as evidence in court.
Source
Copyright confirmation in court
Proofstack is an app for the certification of documents. The service archives the document file together with the owner's personal signature and the timestamp. The archive hash is then recorded in the chosen blockchain. The archive created as a result of the certification confirms that the file was archived by a certain person at a certain time. The developers also recommend sharing files of this type through a specially generated link, informing anyone who downloads the file that it is the author's certified intellectual property. Therefore, the authentication of documents can theoretically serve as proof of copyright in court.
Blockchain is used to store hashes of archived files, which allows to confirm the creation of an archive at a specific point in time.
Source
Proofstack is an app for the certification of documents. The service archives the document file together with the owner's personal signature and the timestamp. The archive hash is then recorded in the chosen blockchain. The archive created as a result of the certification confirms that the file was archived by a certain person at a certain time. The developers also recommend sharing files of this type through a specially generated link, informing anyone who downloads the file that it is the author's certified intellectual property. Therefore, the authentication of documents can theoretically serve as proof of copyright in court.
Blockchain is used to store hashes of archived files, which allows to confirm the creation of an archive at a specific point in time.
Source
Using data from a blockchain as evidence in court
The Supreme People's Court of China has announced that the newly created courts specializing in cases involving Internet activities are officially allowed to use blockchain entries as evidence. One of the document's sections states that the so-called "Internet courts" can recognize digital data as evidence if they are verified by digital signatures, timestamps, or recorded in the blockchain.
Source
The Supreme People's Court of China has announced that the newly created courts specializing in cases involving Internet activities are officially allowed to use blockchain entries as evidence. One of the document's sections states that the so-called "Internet courts" can recognize digital data as evidence if they are verified by digital signatures, timestamps, or recorded in the blockchain.
Source
Smart contract markup language for contracting automation
Enterprise Ethereum Alliance Legal Industry Working Group includes 26 law firms and educational institutions (Duke Center on Law & Technology, Debevoise & Plimpton, Hogan Lovells, Holland & Knight). In total, the alliance consists of more than 150 organizations. One of the projects created by the participants of the Ethereum Alliance is a smart contract markup language similar to the wiki markup. The language supports logic, object references, multi-variable expressions, and basic calculations. When the parties sign an agreement, the hash of the agreement text is recorded in the Ethereum blockchain. Lawyers can refer to smart contracts in regular contracts, combining the advantages of both approaches.
Blockchain is used to store information about contracts. Smart contacts allow to automate certain operations.
Source
Enterprise Ethereum Alliance Legal Industry Working Group includes 26 law firms and educational institutions (Duke Center on Law & Technology, Debevoise & Plimpton, Hogan Lovells, Holland & Knight). In total, the alliance consists of more than 150 organizations. One of the projects created by the participants of the Ethereum Alliance is a smart contract markup language similar to the wiki markup. The language supports logic, object references, multi-variable expressions, and basic calculations. When the parties sign an agreement, the hash of the agreement text is recorded in the Ethereum blockchain. Lawyers can refer to smart contracts in regular contracts, combining the advantages of both approaches.
Blockchain is used to store information about contracts. Smart contacts allow to automate certain operations.
Source
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We are happy to discuss ideas for the application of technology and help in their implementation.
We also regularly publish case studies and newsletters in our telegram channel.
We are happy to discuss ideas for the application of technology and help in their implementation.
We also regularly publish case studies and newsletters in our telegram channel.
